介绍
du（disk usage）：用于显示指定的目录或文件所占用的磁盘空间。
如果命令未指定目录，则默认展示当前目录的文件磁盘使用情况（单位 kb）。
常用参数
| 选项 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| -a | 统计目录下所有的文件 |
| -h | 使用人们习惯的 KB、MB 或 GB 等单位自行显示容量 |
| -k | 以 KB 为单位显示容量，默认以 KB 为单位 |
| -m | 以 MB 为单位显示容量 |
| -s | 仅显示总计 |
| -c | 在显示个别目录或文件的大小外，也显示所有目录或文件的总和。 |
| -d | 限定允许展示的子目录深度 |
| –exclude | 排除指定的文件（支持通配符） |
| –time | 格式化目录文件的修改时间 |
示例
展示当前目录的磁盘使用情况，单位 kb
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du
4 ./.pip
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b
40 ./.cache/pip/http
44 ./.cache/pip
44 ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76 .
以易阅读的形式展示当前目录磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -h
4.0K ./.pip
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b
40K ./.cache/pip/http
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76K .
展示当前目录的总磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -sh
76K .
展示当前目录所有文件和子目录的总磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -ah
4.0K ./.bash_logout
4.0K ./.bash_profile
4.0K ./.bashrc
4.0K ./.cshrc
4.0K ./.tcshrc
4.0K ./.pydistutils.cfg
4.0K ./.pip/pip.conf
4.0K ./.pip
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e/fed0ed508030b766d5b0c2792132c8bf197804464765b46b361f93a4
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6/bb876b2e6a22c2739002e9ef3388ae978b7a6192a19fe67d8b0030f2
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b
40K ./.cache/pip/http
4.0K ./.cache/pip/selfcheck.json
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh/authorized_keys
0 ./.ssh
4.0K ./.bash_history
76K .
以 KB 为单位展示目录的磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -k
4 ./.pip
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4 ./.cache/pip/http/f
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36 ./.cache/pip/http/b
40 ./.cache/pip/http
44 ./.cache/pip
44 ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76 .
以 MB 为单位展示目录的磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -m
1 ./.pip
1 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
1 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
1 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
1 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
1 ./.cache/pip/http/f
1 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
1 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
1 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
1 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
1 ./.cache/pip/http/b
1 ./.cache/pip/http
1 ./.cache/pip
1 ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
1 .
展示当前目录的磁盘使用情况，并显示总计值
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -ch
4.0K ./.pip
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b
40K ./.cache/pip/http
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76K .
76K total
展示当前目录中文件和子目录的磁盘使用情况，排除指定文件类型
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -ah --exclude="*.txt"
4.0K ./.bash_logout
4.0K ./.bash_profile
4.0K ./.bashrc
4.0K ./.cshrc
4.0K ./.tcshrc
4.0K ./.pydistutils.cfg
4.0K ./.pip/pip.conf
4.0K ./.pip
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e/fed0ed508030b766d5b0c2792132c8bf197804464765b46b361f93a4
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4.0K ./.cache/pip/http/f
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6/bb876b2e6a22c2739002e9ef3388ae978b7a6192a19fe67d8b0030f2
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36K ./.cache/pip/http/b
40K ./.cache/pip/http
4.0K ./.cache/pip/selfcheck.json
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh/authorized_keys
0 ./.ssh
4.0K ./.bash_history
76K .
展示当前目录所有自目录的磁盘使用情况，并显示最近修改时间
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -h --time
4.0K 2022-05-18 10:01 ./.pip
4.0K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0/e
4.0K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d/0
4.0K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e/d
4.0K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/f/e
4.0K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/f
36K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7/6
36K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8/7
36K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b/8
36K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/b/b
36K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http/b
40K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip/http
44K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache/pip
44K 2022-04-28 18:17 ./.cache
0 2022-05-18 10:01 ./.ssh
76K 2022-05-18 13:35 .
限制子目录深度展示当前目录下子目录的磁盘使用情况
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -hd1
4.0K ./.pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76K .
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -hd2
4.0K ./.pip
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76K .
[root@iZuf6cdrrzbsjtp7kwq6haZ ~]# du -hd3
4.0K ./.pip
40K ./.cache/pip/http
44K ./.cache/pip
44K ./.cache
0 ./.ssh
76K .